browning safari bolt action rifle serial numbers

In 1976, Browning re-standardized its serial number identification. Likely some regular S/N runs were made with the Browning "L" numbers both in Safari rifles. This was largely moot because the checkering was filled up by the stock finish, which was probably sprayed on. A forum community dedicated to all firearm owners and enthusiasts. Various game scenes were common on the floorplate, like this .338 Winchester Magnum appropriately engraved with a grizzly bear. extractor was not introduced until late 1967 to early 1968. Pencil barrels, Browning collectors call them. In 1975 Browning began using the two (2) letter code system (located in the middle of the serial number) for determining the year of manufacture. 22" pencil barrel. This action features a unique push-feed system with a robust rotating extractor that snaps over the rim upon closing, while the ejector is a blade style that allows control of cases (or cartridges) as they are pulled from the chamber. Do NOT confuse this gun with the newer A-Bolt series which also use The examples I've given have 4 digits following or preceedingthe date, but I believe they went to 5 digits by the mid 60s. In 1994 Browning introduced the BOSS (Ballistic Optimizing Shooting System). . trailer Browning Safari Bolt Action Rifle. 0000005587 00000 n Browning Safari chambered in .243 Winchester. 200 0 obj <>stream To find your serial number, you will need to refer to your owner's manual. FN used a bright blue, and the polishing was flawless. 98% Condition 1962 Beautiful Safari! Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service. 1. {toXSjWJ1NS`o2aaf . 1967 7-single letter prefix or suffix by Ser. It appears that you are accessing the Browning Website from outside North America. An Olympian Grade rifle is shown with a hand-carved and checkered stock. & MONTREAL P.Q., with * over R, crown over R, lion over PV and a Liege proof, the underside is marked 243, the right is marked with the serial number and CALIBER.243 ONLY / MADE IN BELGIUM. The screw heads are sharp. Mechanics: The action functions correctly. If youre after a Safari Grade High Power in 80 percent condition and without toxic wood, the price is about $1,000, give or take $100. At Kittery Trading Post, Home of All Things Desirable, there is currently a High Power in .300 H&H. No. A Browning Sako Safari bolt action rifle in caliber 243 Winchester serial number 12003Z69. Any other info regarding these rifle will be appreciated. Originally patented by Paul Mauser in 1895 and adopted by German armed forces April 5, 1898, it has proven reliable in battle. 0000004885 00000 n The High Power saga is so complex that youre advised to rush right out and buy a copy of The Blue Book of Gun Values, which offers the most lucid account of the whole business. BOLT ACTION RIFLES (Safari, Medallion, & Olympian Models) YEAR SER . No.1972 X72" suffix after Ser. The balance of the finish shows a few areas of scuffing on the barrel, light marks on the floorplate and trigger guard and some operational wear on the bolt body. 1964 4-single letter prefix or suffix by Ser. LSB#: 220110MM001. This dating system is for Browning firearms manufactured after 1958. Why was the decision Roe v. Wade important for feminists? bolt action rifle. I'm just curious, and I like to learn all I can about something like that when I buy it. One Browning Place So, why all the fuss? For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. It was made in 1961. A Medallion Grade in really nice shape is around $3,000. However, heres a brief summation: Simultaneous with the FN-action rifles, Browning built High Powers in the smaller calibers on Sako actions. 22"bbl early rear sight excellent cond. The "Z" following the actual serial number denoted the medium action Sako (L579) which was usually followed by two numbers denoting a year. 2023 Vintage Gun Scopes. y9J For sale is a Weatherby Mark V Lazermark LH bolt action rifle in 7mm Weatherby magnum. The BBR is built much like a Weatherby MK-V. Browning BAR-Safari 300 Win Mag with Leupold 2X7 VariX 11 98% overall. The front sight is a sourdough, while the folding rear sight is adjustable and housed in a base. It didnt help. The animals chosen for a rifle were typical of what was commonly hunted with the caliber of that particular rifle. [serial number L81xx ] I believe that rifle's D.O.M. It could possibly be a .308 or .243 in the small to be 1964, the year FN/Browning rifle had a serial number of four numerals following a single-letter prefix. No. Morgan, UT 84050 0000014164 00000 n Date of manufacture code included with the serial number. . This helped eliminate much of the slop between the bolt body and receiver and also assured that the lugs and breech face were true. }aUf!o]:zagICU3=by5unjzIx,^lNbgfk%v g;z+@;=kE`loq,lbjn7}-K"7M1poYg$@"@2k&lB@6 t.Y+f&Lyc]c=k9F"EAlU~{aY HFP:29Ex_u 25" ?~iG%|WD_K!hl_ (g EdV;LYNvf9'gw^Cm{28c*`45e8 ;0io8h ~X}~r6jR,0~xt*CKAADV{@JGW|. k'E4}tY?$%C8Ur@AXFTED#{v ;@o}EXTvPj iB hCN5@/z3t8 t_Rs.;1CRu tEYG 2. serial number is 52862L69. Like New In Box. In short, the cost to produce the commercial Mauser 98 action was high, and competing companies were developing new manufacturing methods and began designing rifles that cost notably less to produce. The NRA grading condition for this USED firearm is Excellent. Aug 2, 2009. The NRA grading condition for thi, "SN: 11441Z69. Type of Finish: Blued Finish Originality: Factory Original Bore Condition: The bore is bright and the rifling is sharp. Using handloads, it still provides three-shot, .216-inch groups at 100 yards. 0000043977 00000 n New Old Stock Browning Safari .243 Winchester, Bolt-Action Rifle, 22" Light Barrel with Sights, Glossy Wood Stock, Blued Barrel Finish, Sling Studs, MFG 1973, With Box. The problem continued to show up until 1972, but in smaller numbers. Answer: " Your Safari Grade was actually made in late 1961. Includes Redfield scope. Browning High-Power Olympian Grade rifles were factory custom rifles with master engraved game scenes on the receivers and hand-carved stocks. SOLD - $1,189.00. The metal is all good no rust, the ser # is in the barrel channel of the stock and matches the gun ser #. Your browser is out of date and may not be able to properly display our website. Browning X-Bolt Mountain Pro 300 Win Mag 3+1 26" MB Fluted Tungsten Gray Cerakote Accent Graphic Bla. THIS IS CHAMBERED IN .30-06 ACKLEY IMPROVED!!! How do you date or find the model of a Belgian-made Browning bolt action with serial number. But the High Powers were not perfect. Mauser Action) X: Medallion Grade (F.N. Browning Safari (MADE IN FINLAND), chambered in 243 Winchester. A 1970 issue L579 would be xxxxZ70. . & Sako High Power Rifles: Year . There are many top-quality, modern trigger and safety assemblies (available from Brownells: www.brownells.com) that are easily installed, as well as hinged floorplates. Prefix only. Browning Hi Power Safari ~.243 Winchester, BELGIAN BROWNING HI POWER SAFARI RIFLE OLYMPIAN 30-06, "Harry Lawson Custom Browning Safari Grade .22-250 (R38135). Morgan, UT 84050 Product Codes F.N. 1959) .264 Win. The checkering was OK by 60s standards, but it is pretty sad by todays. All of the components are manufactured in Belgium as shown by the markings. Very little signs of handling mar, Browning Safari sako action. I was told that the rifle was from 1968, making it one of the salt wood guns. 0000008202 00000 n T-BOLT RIFLE (T1 and T2)1965 X5" suffix after Ser. The action has some design similarities to Mauser designs and it is a development of the earlier Winchester Model 54, itself based on a Mauser 98-type action. . Also Browning added the "L" and their own S/N block in about 1961-1962. Browning X-Bolt Max Long Range 6.5 PRC Bolt Action Rifle. Shop a large gun caliber selection of Browning 30-06 for sale at Omaha Outdoors. The rifle incorporates an FN Mauser action with control feed claw extraction (The forward receiver ring on the action is 1.49" long. The rifle incorporates an FN Mauser action with control feed claw extraction (The forward receiver ring on the action is 1.49 long. I currently own several High-Power rifles in a variety of calibers, and with similar load development most will come close to duplicating the accuracy of that .300 Winchester Magnum. All rights reserved. The markings are crisp. Very Rare Caliber. Buy and find hard to find Browning 30-06 online at OmahaOutdoors.com. FAX 24 hours a Day (501)-767-2750 New Old Stock Browning Safari .243win, 22" Light Barrel, Browning Belgian Safari, .243 Pencil Barrel, Browning Long Extractor 30/06 Safari Grade. According to Mr. Buck: Morton Salt had developed a salt-solution drying process that had been successfully used in the furniture industry. 0000006003 00000 n No. Excellent condition and well maintained. (Proper checkering demands that diamonds be three times as long as they are wide. The underside of the bolt handle is stamped with the same serial number as the action and barrel. The barrel is 24 inches long and measures .675 inch at the muzzle. This would be an A-Bolt II Gold Medallion rifle, manufactured in 1985 with the serial number 01001. In the late 1970s, I bought a 6mm Ruger Number One that almost immediately began rusting where the buttstock joined the receiver. A Bushnell 2.5 x 8 scope and Redfield mounts included. Point out to the seller that you will have to pay big bucks to a gunsmith to have the rifle re-polished and blued; that it has no value to a collector, and that the stock is worthless except as firewood (It will burn with blue and green flames, like ocean driftwood), and that you will be glad to take it off his hands for $184.39, and not a cent more. Rear Sight For Browning Fn Safari Grade Rifle. Stock lug for extra strength. Browning BAR Mark II Safari 4 RD 30-06 Springfield 22" Rifle (Save up to 14%) Price $1449.99. The Sako is well known for its precise action and barrel specifications that offered smooth, flawless function and accuracy. Stock has some wear and tear but very smooth action. hello from Tennessee! Amazing Grain! Notes. The stock finish, in addition to being shiny, did not hold up well, and you see High Powers today whose finish has cracked, crazed, and chipped. Browning Hi-Power - Spur Model. Also, there have been unique limited-edition models that did not follow our regular serial number configurations and they are not included in this listing. Browning Safari Belgian Made Rarely found in .308 Very Good Condition Bargain Price 1, Belgian Browning HIGH-POWER Safari Grade 375 H&H MAG 24, Browning Safari 300 Win Mag w/ Custom Barrel & Scope. It was based on a commercial FN claw-extractor action and came in three grades: Safari . or .308 Norma Mag. Winchester - 70 Featherweight 243 Bolt Action Rifle.243 Winchester: $700.00: Winchester - 70 Extreme Weather Stainless Steel 270 WSM Bolt Action Rifle.270 WSM Win Short Mag: . 0000016263 00000 n 3. The floorplate and trigger guard have gold-color filled embellished engraving. 0000004912 00000 n 1963 3-single letter prefix or suffix by Ser. Var, Browning Belgian Safari bolt action rifle. Browning rifles built up to 1968 (69) did not have the serial numbers on the receivers for the most part. Browning - 035-208248 X-Bolt Hunter 270 WSM Rifle.270 WSM Win Short Mag: $800.00: We have the blue book value of guns. The next group was fired using Sierra 250-grain boat-tail bullets over 74.5 grains of Hodgdon H-4831 powder and capped with Federal No. 0000014570 00000 n It was made in 1961. Cal. 100% Factory Original. Overall Condition: This rifle retains about 96% of its metal finish. The High-Power was offered in three grades, including Safari, Medallion and Olympian. Guns Listing ID: 441902READ CAREFULLY!!! The rifle has a hinged magazine floorplate. No. A-Bolt II Type. We have most owner's manuals online. Featured Gun Classifieds Browning Belgium Rifles - Safari, Firearm Description: Brand: Browning Model: Safari Caliber: 300 Win Mag Condition: Used (See Photos) This Browning Safari Rifle sports an aftermarket barrel made by J. Dewey, Browning Safari BELGIUM Dangerous Game .458 WIN MAG - NO SALT After Silver Nitrate Test - Ready To Hunt *****SCROLL DOWN FOR SPECS***** Quillen & Worfe Fine Guns Disclosures and Important In, Guns Listing ID: 759151Browning Safari 7mm Rem Mag, Iron Sights, 25\" Blued Barrel, Wood Stock, Jeweled Bolt Action, No Box, Browning Safari (MADE IN FINLAND), chambered in 243 Winchester. You can go to those by clicking here. The FN Sporter Deluxe (left) was first imported to the U.S. in 1947. If you see it, heres what you do: 1. One Olympian Grade rifle I have had the pleasure of owning and shooting was purchased from the Elmer Keith collection. Mag. $159.95. Although the stock finish was gloss (or semigloss), which was popular at the time, it was a high-quality finish. Its also an artifact of the past, the relic of an era, like the AC Cobra, which, by todays standards, is painfully primitive, but which, in its original form, sells for $500,000 to $1,000,000 simply because it was once the baddest thing on the road, and even today, if you have the nerve to drive something that valuable, is a guaranteed near-death experience. 0000002744 00000 n Welcome aboard. Chambered in .243 Winchester. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Mechanically excellent. Handguns including pistols and revolvers. Quality European workmanship (Belgian Made) with factory Sako Action (some were made with Mauser acitions and som, Beautiful Belgium Browning BAR Safari II chambered in 338 WM. 1965 5-single letter prefix or suffix by Ser. in 1962, 3LXXXX in 1963, etc. It proved an excellent field rifle and accounted for elk, deer, antelope and black bear. The production of the A-Bolt bolt action rifle began in 1985. So serial numbers on early (no"L") Brownings will fit in with FN commercials. BOLT ACTION RIFLES (Safari, Medallion, & Olympian Models) Year ser. new to the forum here. in 1969 changed format to XXXX 9L and followed that formatthrough the end of their manufacture. Only 1 left! Browning The .284 Sako actions were introduced in 1965. Like New Condition. Browning Belgium Safari bolt action rifle in 30-06 caliber. Browning Safari chambered in 7mm Remington Magnum with a 24 inch barrel and a bight & shiny bore. Safari and Medallion designations - they are completely different. & MONTREAL P.Q.". At the very least, the 98 is the rifle against which all others are compared. The .284 Sako actions were introduced in 1965. The High Power was a distinctive-looking rifle. And stay the hell off Google. I did question the guy about where he found the information about it being a 1959, but his reply's are about as informative as his listing.. . A list of modern browsers is below; simply click an icon to go to the browsers download page. Indeed, if I were to buy a High Power in good shape with an unpolluted stock, Id probably get a synthetic stock for it and put the wood handle in a closet. Come join the discussion about performance, gunsmithing, troubleshooting, reviews, accessories, classifieds, and more! Just $1 per month . DOM 1968. Chambered in .270 Winchester. Part of this was stock design, and partly because on the non-magnum rifles, Browning used a cheesy plastic buttplate that accentuated recoil when it was not busy slipping off your shoulder. October 2018. However, he said in 1969 you may find a rifle with the "6" missing, which would make it a 1969. 1970 70T or 70E prefix before Ser. Belgium mfg. Like New In Box. This is an FN Browning made in Belgium on a controlled feed Mauser action, and features a, If any of you guys know of a better Deer rifle than this one please let me know Belgium made Browning Safari bolt acyion rifle in 30-06 caliber. ( a sweet heart of a guy wrote us about this gun.we say that jokinglyhe was and most likely still is a the same, I am offering a custom Browning .222 Remington from my collection. Short action cartridges (.243 and .308 Winchester) were produced in limited quantities on the '98 action. This is not a production model but at the time we were manufacturing the Bolt Action, we had a policy of supplying almost any caliber desired by the individual customer. $569.99. $69.99 (Save up to . The 98 action remains popular with modern craftsmen. Daniel Defense firearms, parts and accessories. Historical Letters Available Chambered in.243 Winchester, ammunition is widely available; the cartridge has a track record of proven results; from Wikipedia The.243 Winchester (652mm) is a popular sporting rifle cartridge. Browning had them made at the FN plant in Belgium with premium FN Mauser actions and barrels. whether it has the FN Mauser action or Sako action. PLEASE ADD $100 FOR SHIPPING. The story of an old humpback Browning that's Sign up for the Field & Stream newsletter and get the latest intelligence straight to your inbox. Browning Rifle Box with Styrofoam Browning X Bolt Bolt Action Rifle Box Only. Serial number is L10233 on the barrel just ahead of the action, in the barrel channel of the stock and just the numbers behind the bolt handle. In addition to modern high-tensile steels being used, the thumb slot common on military actions and some pre-World War II commercial actions that was necessary to reach and depress the follower to close the action was eliminated. It appears that you are accessing the Browning Website from outside North America. Browning AB3 Hunter 5 RD 270 Win 22" Bolt Action Rifle Wal . Guns Listing ID: 440556See through scope mounts irons or scope. Redfield 3X-9X scope. Its worth noting that Kittery keeps the High Power behind the counter with the rest of the Good Stuff rather than in the floor racks where the peasants can grope. Give us a call at 800-333-3288 to learn more about how you can add a piece of history to your Browning firearm. The barrels, in the smaller bore sizes, were too skinny. 44.75 OAL. Date of Manufacture is a two digit code. Those made in 1959 had the same system at 9L XXXX, but thosemfg. CUSTOMSHOPINC 100% Factory Original. Help, I just purchased a Belgium Browning trying to figure out manufacturer date "2L15450" I'm thinking '62 but not sure it's in 264 Win Mag. Published Oct 6, 2016 6:17 PM EDT. Short action cartridges (.243 and .308 Winchester) were produced in limited quantities on the 98 action. thanks, in advance. SN L7168. %PDF-1.3 % Standard markings and features. Olympian Grade would have a "P" in the serial number for the mauser No.1975 X75" suffix after Ser. RARE Caliber AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE AT OUR ON-LINE SITE. While every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided on serial numbers and dates of manufacture are accurate, records on early production models such as the Auto-5 and Superposed shotguns were not included due to the complexity of numbers, models and grades offered. UPC:023614257998. Historical Letters Available. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. 1969 Single letter (Y, Z, or L) followed by last 2 digits of year of mfg. Barrel and action Blue is 99.9%. The salt was supposed to leach out the moisture and dry the wood quickly. VERY RARE CALIBER. Browning Belgium Safari .257 Roberts. To find your serial number, you will need to refer to your owner's manual. Browning X-Bolt Long Action 3 Round Magazine Burnt Bronze . $779.99 (Save up to 10%) Price $699.99 . (i.e., only digits). The stocks gloss finish has but a few very light handling marks, please see our pictures, the grain burl is intricate and the checkers are sharp. Critics are quick to point out the designs comparatively slow lock time, direct pull trigger, poorly positioned safety, cumbersome floorplate and poorly shaped bolt handle. The modern button-style sliding safety, located to the right of the bolt sleeve, was out of the way for installing a scope, and was a three-position design. I recently purchased a Belgian Browning FN Safari grade rifle. Please feel free to call or email (notexts) with. Join F&S+ to read exclusive stories by your favorite writers. What strategies can be used to maximize the impact of a press release? Further divided ]}9t_i4|K.Lut*-eb,e,fl{=VE(EHRh4"Jh 45m&Z Usual Browning stampings and Made In Belgium stamped on the left side of barrel. 24" barrel, Bases w/ 1" rings. 1971 71T or 71E prefix before Ser. Mag., blue steel stepped Sporter weight barrel, early style fully adjustable rear sight and hooded ramp. Glossy wood finish with a red field scope. No.1968 X8" suffix after Ser. This rifle has seen some field use and is sure to provide years of excellent future use as well. This would be a A-Bolt II Rifle, manufactured in 1998 with the serial number 01001. No. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. . The process did accomplish its purpose but the moisture that was drawn out of the blanks on top of the stacks ran down into the blanks below, resulting in a brine solution that soaked the lower wood blanks., Bruce Buck continues: According to Schwings interviewsall the salt curing was done in the U.S. and affected at least 90% of all Browning stocks made from 1967 to 1969. The receiver engraving coverage is classified as full coverage, and the trigger guard and floorplate were likewise fully engraved with game scenes while scroll engraving graced the bridge and barrel. The stock rates in about Excellent overall condition. Over the past 40 years I have owned, shot and hunted with perhaps three dozen High-Power rifles that have ranged from .222 Remington to .458 Winchester Magnum. Serial #36658, mfg. Finely checkered. This deserves a digression, and the following comes from Ned Schwings book Browning Superposed: John M. Brownings Last Legacy via Shotgunreport.com, by Bruce Buck, a person of the very highest literary and moral worth. Hi. The FN rifles ran from 1960 to 1974, at which time Sako actions were used exclusively. No.1969 X69" suffix after Ser. Nonetheless, it holds the status of being a classic rifle that still appeals to discriminating shooters and hunters. 0000016108 00000 n hb```b`` f`c``ed@ A;Gw !! The rifle has a hinged magazine floorplate. 0000013298 00000 n serial number: L9040 (ca. Our Browning serial number lookup allows you to date your vintage rifle. Add to Compare. To find out about your gun's serial number simply click on your firearm. My first shots from the bench were a bit erratic, so all guard screws and mounts were checked to discover and correct the problem. The trigger breaks clean at 3lbs 4oz. 0000011597 00000 n Description: Browning Sako FINLAND .308 Win Safari PENCIL Barrel 1964 Rifle This is an auction for a Browning Safari Grade .308 Winchester caliber Bolt action Rifle that was made in FINLAND in 1964. If youre contemplating the purchase of a High Power, your very first step must be to take all the metal, down even to the buttplate screws, out of the stock, and check for rust. Standard Safari Grade markings and features. Browning Arms long-lasting relationship with FN began around 1897, when John Browning contracted the firm in Belgium to manufacture his Model 1899 pistol, as well as many subsequent rifles, shotguns and pistols. 0000013656 00000 n The Gun Control Act of 1968 changed things a bit in regard to serial number placement. Includes a Safari Grade box numbered "64220". endstream endobj 162 0 obj <>]/Pages 148 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 163 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 164 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[45.0024 45.0024 477.002 693.002]/Type/Page>> endobj 165 0 obj <> endobj 166 0 obj <> endobj 167 0 obj <> endobj 168 0 obj <> endobj 169 0 obj <> endobj 170 0 obj [195 0 R] endobj 171 0 obj <>stream +^0gY5 Black Walnut XXX Grade Stock. Browning X-Bolt Target 6.5 Creedmoor caliber rifle. Browning had not yet went to the year code with the Safari i.e. The box is very good with light edge wear. 0000002873 00000 n . The FN insiginia is on top of the action with a fancy, curved scroll. WE DO NOT SHIP INTER, 1962 Browning Safari 30/06 L ext. I dont recall High Powers as being accurate, although Id like to see what they can do with modern bullets. Every Safari I could find from 1959 to 1965, except one from 1962, did not have the number in front of the L and they were all 4 digit numbers after the L (i.e. The middle position allowed removal of a cartridge from the chamber while preventing the rifle from firing a similar concept as found on the Winchester Model 70. Those FN/Brownings (Safari's, etc) were made from 1959 to 1975, and only two of those year/production/serial numbers prefixes like the SN of your rifle ("L"). PRE 1975 SERIALIZATION: BOLT ACTION RIFLES (Safari, Medallion, & Olympian Models) 1959 - N/A 0000002477 00000 n They made them for Browning 1959-1975. Browning Belgium Safari .244 Pencil Barrel In NRA Perfect Condition. No . "FN" Mauser style action with polished bolt. No. SUPER RARE! Second Media Corp., 111 Peter Street, Suite 600, Toronto, Ontario, M5V 2H1, Canada. DOM 1968. Overall, this rifle rates in about Excellent condition. Elmer Keiths Olympian Grade .338 Winchester Magnum was the first produced in this caliber. Info based on what I can physically see on the gun itself as well as some online research. Like New Condition. I believe the stock is not so banged up that it couldnt be restored. 0000006950 00000 n Rifles in most calibers included a steel recoil lug, and the stock was fit by hand and bedded to a specific barreled action to maximize accuracy. The rifle has a 24 1/2 inch barrel with a bright bore and has Redfield scope mount and rings.Metal condition is good but has had some rust where the metal meets the stock and has been cleaned up and basically any pitting left is under the wood. There is no erosion. . ALL FACTORY AND MINT. 800-333-3288 | 801-876-2711, Chat with us < /a>, powered by < a href = "https://www.livechatinc.com/?welcome" rel = "noopener nofollow" target = "_blank" > LiveChat < /a>. 1959 Browning Safari Grade Bolt-Action Box-Magazine Rifle (repeater/ breech-loading/ smokeless powder/ cartridge ammunition) In the late 1950s and early 1960s, lower air fares, an urge to travel, and a healthy economy turned many American hunters into world travelers.